Democracy and Governance in Islam: A Sunni Perspective
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66362/iji.v1i6.29Keywords:
Islam and Democracy, Islamic Governance, Shura (Consultation), Rashidun Caliphate, Islamic Political Thought, Justice and Accountability, Authoritarianism in Muslim-Majority Countries, Women in Islamic Politics, Islamic Economic Principles, Globalization and Islamic Movements, Freedom of Speech in Islam, Sunni Perspective on Governance, Dynastic Rule vs. Democratic Values, Muslim-Majority Democracies, Political Reform in Islam.Abstract
This article examines the compatibility of democracy with Islamic governance from a Sunni perspective, arguing that the foundational principles of Islam—justice, consultation (Shura), and accountability—align closely with democratic values. It explores historical precedents such as the Rashidun Caliphate to highlight Islamic traditions of participatory governance, while contrasting these ideals with the dynastic and authoritarian tendencies that emerged in later caliphates. The analysis critiques the misuse of religion by modern authoritarian regimes to suppress democratic aspirations, emphasizing the inconsistency between their practices and core Islamic values. Through case studies of Muslim-majority democracies like Tunisia, Indonesia, and Malaysia, the article demonstrates the potential for integrating democratic frameworks with Islamic principles. It further explores the role of women, the importance of freedom of speech, and the application of Islamic economic ethics in fostering equitable governance. Ultimately, the article asserts that Islam and democracy are not inherently incompatible and proposes that an authentic Islamic governance model must incorporate democratic mechanisms to uphold justice, reject corruption, and ensure accountability.
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